Funding For Pell Grants Likely To Increase By $40 Billion
After three years of major increases in federal Pell grants for needy
college students, President Obama aims to boost the aid further with
$40 billion in funding over the next decade. But even that influx might
not ensure that the grants will recover and sustain the purchasing
power they once held.
Experts agree on the reason: soaring college costs. In the late 1970s, the maximum Pell award covered more than
two-thirds of tuition and fees for a public four-year university. In
the 1980s, it covered roughly half of such expenses. In the last school
year, it covered about a third.
"There is an increasing gap that students have to cover on their own," said Sandy Baum, a senior policy analyst for the College Board , in New York. "It's obviously a problem for students. They're working more; they're borrowing more."...
U.S. Rep. George Miller (D-Calif.), chairman of the Education and Labor Committee, said that a student aid bill the House passed last month
would strengthen the Pell program with $40 billion in additional
funding, indexing it for the first time to inflation, but that it would
not erase questions about spiraling tuition and fees.
"This is a very important round of resources to be made available to
students and families," Miller said. "But clearly, for a host of
reasons, the costs continue to rise faster than families and the
federal government can keep up with them. . . . We've arrived at a
point where we have to, in a most serious vein, ask about what's the
future for financing higher education in this country."
The grants, launched in 1973 and named for Claiborne Pell, a
longtime Democratic senator from Rhode Island, have become the bedrock
of undergraduate aid. Coupled with state and school awards, Pell grants
determine how much needy students must work or borrow to pay bills.
This school year, according to the Obama
administration, about 7 million students from low- and moderate-income
households will qualify for the grants through the Free Application for
Federal Student Aid. The average award will be $3,611, and the maximum,
$5,350. The total federal outlay: $25 billion.
The maximum Pell award has jumped since 2006 after it was frozen for several years at $4,050.
Skeptics say the grants give schools an excuse to raise tuition and
fees, often at a rate well beyond inflation, at a time when state
revenue shortages and endowment losses are squeezing universities.
"When you look at the overall trend, it is very clear that colleges
and universities eat up all of this money, eventually," said Neal
McCluskey of the Cato Institute, a public policy research foundation in
the District. "It sort of gives them a constantly increasing budget."
But proponents say the program's aim is to help poor and low-income
students who otherwise would be unable to attend college. "The person
that we're trying to help here is the person who's on the brink," said
Chris Lindstrom of U.S. PIRG, a District-based public interest advocacy
group. "Folks who are one car breakdown away from not being able to go
to school."
Two-thirds of Pell recipients have family incomes of $30,000 or
less, according to a College Board analysis. Two-fifths are surpassing
their parents by entering college, and one-tenth are single parents,
according to federal statistics ...
Under the House bill, the grants would rise with the consumer price
index, plus 1 percentage point, starting in 2011. The estimated maximum
award in 2019 would be $6,900. To fund the increase, the bill would end
subsidies to private student loan providers and establish the
government as the direct lender for the entire federal student loan
market as of July 1. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office
projects that the lending overhaul would save $80 billion over a
decade. About half of that would be channeled into Pell grants.
The House passed the bill Sept. 17 on a largely party-line vote, 253
to 171 . Republicans criticized what they called a government takeover
of lending and said the bill would cost more than advertised. The
Democrat-led Senate is expected to take up a similar bill soon.
Sen. Tom Harkin (D-Iowa), chairman of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions,
said his proposal for Pell funding would mirror the House bill's. "This
is one that goes directly to students based on need," Harkin said.
"After all these years, we've got good data to show that increasing the
Pell awards encourages low-income students to go to college."
Despite partisan divisions over the student aid bill, many Republicans also back the Pell program. "It helps people, no question," said Rep. Howard P. "Buck" McKeon
(R-Calif.), a senior member of the Education and Labor Committee.
"There are people having a hard time who can benefit from it. It's more
money in their pockets."
But McKeon said the government should prod colleges to contain
costs, perhaps through the threat of withholding funds from those that
jack up tuition the most. That, he said, would "address the root
problem."
After three years of major increases in federal Pell grants for needy
college students, President Obama aims to boost the aid further with
$40 billion in funding over the next decade. But even that influx might
not ensure that the grants will recover and sustain the purchasing
power they once held.
Experts agree on the reason: soaring college costs. In the late 1970s, the maximum Pell award covered more than
two-thirds of tuition and fees for a public four-year university. In
the 1980s, it covered roughly half of such expenses. In the last school
year, it covered about a third.
"There is an increasing gap that students have to cover on their own," said Sandy Baum, a senior policy analyst for the College Board , in New York. "It's obviously a problem for students. They're working more; they're borrowing more."...
U.S. Rep. George Miller (D-Calif.), chairman of the Education and Labor Committee, said that a student aid bill the House passed last month
would strengthen the Pell program with $40 billion in additional
funding, indexing it for the first time to inflation, but that it would
not erase questions about spiraling tuition and fees.
"This is a very important round of resources to be made available to
students and families," Miller said. "But clearly, for a host of
reasons, the costs continue to rise faster than families and the
federal government can keep up with them. . . . We've arrived at a
point where we have to, in a most serious vein, ask about what's the
future for financing higher education in this country."
The grants, launched in 1973 and named for Claiborne Pell, a
longtime Democratic senator from Rhode Island, have become the bedrock
of undergraduate aid. Coupled with state and school awards, Pell grants
determine how much needy students must work or borrow to pay bills.
This school year, according to the Obama
administration, about 7 million students from low- and moderate-income
households will qualify for the grants through the Free Application for
Federal Student Aid. The average award will be $3,611, and the maximum,
$5,350. The total federal outlay: $25 billion.
Source: A Blue View